2003 Revised Admin History – Chapter Nineteen Trails by Stephen R. Mark, Park Historian 2013

124 Specific reference to the Government Camp Trail is on page 11 of Royer’s report. A diagram of the trail segment is attached to a park-related memorandum from Chief Ranger Carlisle Crouch to Leavitt, August 23, 1940, 67A618, Box 4499, File 641-01, Pacific Crest Trail, NARA Seattle. The development outline of March 1944 (2) recognized three bridle paths from Park Headquarters: north to Rim Village (route of what was later called the “horse” trail), south to Annie Spring, and west to “Patton” (Dutton) Creek over the watershed divide.

125 Royer, 12-13. G.H. Oberteuffer, Scout Executive, to Leavitt, May 26, 1938, Pacific Crest Trail folder. Lack of signage was not limited to the park, as Oberteuffer noted in the Rogue River National Forest section; Oberteuffer to C.J. Buck, Regional Forester, March 2, 1939, 2, Pacific Crest Trail Folder. Not until 1939 did the NPS begin counting the Skyline trail mileage in the park total; [Leavitt], Annual Report of Roads and Trails Construction Activities, for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1939, [February 7, 1940], 2, RG 79, 67A612, Box 4418, File 207-01.6 Roads and Trails Construction Activity, NARA Seattle.

126 Wilfred T. Frost to Leavitt, February 11, 1939, Crouch to Leavitt, July 3, 1939, Pacific Crest Trail folder. Forest Service officials preferred a route heading due south from Diamond Lake to the highway junction of SR 138 and the North Entrance Road; Lyle F. Watts, Regional Forester, to Leavitt, May 3, 1939, Pacific Crest Trail folder. Users then had to follow the North Entrance Road to its intersection with the motorway heading west to Red Cone; USDA Forest Service Region Six, Oregon Skyline Trail 1952, Pacific Crest Trail System, map in Pacific Crest Trail folder, author’s files.

127 Crouch to Leavitt, August 23, 1940, Pacific Crest Trail folder. The northern section utilized what had served as the North Entrance Road’s predecessor, the since-abandoned Diamond Lake Auto Trail.

128 Not that it necessarily had to be this way, as the NPS initiated discussion among superintendents as early as 1921 about how visitors who wished to hike through the national parks without cars could be accommodated. The Washington office promoted the idea of individual parks issuing leaflets about such trips, to include suggested preparations and details regarding points of interest; Arno B. Cammerer, Acting Director, to Sparrow, June 13, 1921, RG 79, Entry P9, Box 009, File 1239, Part 3, Misc., NARA II.

129 Crater Lake National Park Development Outline, Trail System, 1939-40 Master Plan. Not all trail-related undertakings depended upon CCC allotments, as the naturalists maintained trailside markers (plant labels) along the promenade at Rim Village, in the Castle Crest Garden, as well as trails to Discovery Point and Garfield Peak; [M.V. Walker, Chief Park Naturalist], Outline of Work for 1940, Report of the Naturalist Division.

130 Leavitt, Crater Wall Trail, text for master plan revision dated March 6, 1942, RG 79, 67A614, Box 8936, File 600.01 Master Plan Correspondence, NARA Seattle.

131 Drury to Leavitt, January 13, 1944, RG 79, 67A618, Box 4499, File 642 Tunnel, NARA Seattle.

132 Ruhle, “Comments,” notation with date of August 1, 1942, 2-4, RG 79, 67A614, Box 8936, File 600-01 Master Plan correspondence, NARA Seattle.

33 Crouch, Crater Wall Trails in Crater Lake National Park, February 14, 1944; Leavitt to the Regional Director, Region Four (O.W Tomlinson), February 17, 1944, RG 79, 67A618, Box 4499, File 640 Trails, NARA Seattle.

134 CLNP Development Outline, March 1944, Proposed Trails, note A, op. cit. Low priority projects included the Llao Rock Trail and connections with motorways comprising the Oregon Skyline Trail. No funding requests had been made for the 0.7 mile Sand Creek Trail, a 0.75 mile Wizard Island “extension,” or the obliteration of 1.2 miles of old trail built during Sparrow’s tenure as superintendent between Annie Spring and the motorway going south toward Union Peak. In another part of the master plan, a short trail was proposed from a parking area on the West Entrance Road to a viewpoint called “Elephants Back” overlooking Castle Creek Canyon; CLNP, Minor Developed Area, West Entrance, 1. Like the two other proposed trails, it failed to materialize.

135 Ruhle promoted travel to his backcountry objectives, albeit with less candor than in his master plan comments of 1942 with an article in the annual volume of Nature Notes from Crater Lake issued four years later; see “The Back Country of Crater Lake,” Nature Notes from Crater Lake 12 (1946), 32-34. The only addition was a place Ruhle called “Snow Crater” on the summit of Scoria Cone.